Orissa at a Glance
Land & Livelihood
Agrarian legislation for protection of
and promotion of land rights of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes
legislative
measures : Orissa
scheduled areas transfer of immovable property (by scheduled tribes) regulation,
1956 amended in 1963.
description
: prohibits transfer of land from
members of scheduled tribes to non-scheduled tribes in the scheduled areas.
legislative
measures : Orissa land reforms act 1960 (amended in 1973).
description
: restricts
scheduled tribes and scheduled castes to sell their land to non-scheduled
castes and non-scheduled tribes unless permitted by the state sub-divisional
officer.
legislative
measures : executive measure (there is no
legislation relating to the allotment of land to scheduled castes and scheduled
tribes)
description
: the government
has issued notifications for settlement and lease of waste and encroached lands
in the state in which scheduled caste and scheduled tribes have been given
first and second priority respectively. They are requested to file applications
before the local tehsildars for the allotment of such
lands.
Source: The Commissioner
for Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Castes
Alienation and restoration of tribal
lands (as of November 1999)
Number of cases filed
in courts
1431
Areas under filed
cases
(acres) 1712
Percentage of cases
rejected 10.62
Area
(acres) 11.92
Percentage of cases
decided in favour of tribes 30.89
Area
(acres)
35.75
Percentage of cases
pending in
courts 58.49
Areas
(acres)
52.34
Source: Annual Report
1999-2000, Ministry of Rural Development, Government of
Ceiling limits on land holdings
Irrigated with
two crops
(hectares)
4.05
Irrigated with
one crops
(hectares) 6.07
Dry land
(hectares)
18.21
Source: Agriculture Statistics
at a Glance, 1993, Government of
Progress in Implementation of Ceiling Laws
(as of March 1996)
Area declared surplus
(acres)
176569
Percentage of area
taken
possession
93.57
Percentage of area
distributed to
area
declared surplus possession
87.11
Percentage of
beneficiaries- scheduled caste 33.93
Percentage of
area to scheduled
caste 31.80
Percentage of
beneficiaries- scheduled tribes 37.25
Percentage of area to
scheduled
tribes
41.92
Percentage of
beneficiaries-
others
28.82
Percentage of
area to
others
26.27
Source: Rural Development
Statistics 1999, National Institute of Rural Development
Area not available for distribution (as
of march 1996)
(Percent)
Area involved in
litigation
58.57
Area reserved for
public
purposes
13.03
Area unit for
cultivation 8.02
Area not available
for miscellaneous reasons 14.55
Source: Rural Development
Statistics 1999, National Institute of Rural Development
Allotment of
Total land received
(acres) 1346966
Percentage of land
allotted
12.39
Percentage of
beneficiaries- scheduled caste 21.77
Percentage of
area to scheduled
caste 22.56
Percentage of
beneficiaries- scheduled tribes 45.63
Percentage of
area to scheduled
tribes
58.01
Percentage of
beneficiaries- others 32.60
Percentage of
area to
others
19.44
Source: The Commissioner
for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, April 1980-March 1981.
Distribution of operational holdings
among scheduled castes and scheduled tribes
Number
(percent) Area (percent)
1980-81
1990-91 1980-81
1990-91
Scheduled Caste
12.17
13.70 7.86
8.60
Scheduled Tribes
27.58
26.60
29.90 28.70
Source: Agricultural Census
Reports, figures for 1990-91 taken from 'The Agricultural Situation in
Distribution of encroachers by the size
of class of existing land holding
(Percent)
Landless 10
Marginal (0-1
hectares)
10
Small (1-2
hectares)
70
Semi medium (2-4
hectares) 5
Medium & large
(> 4 hectares) 5
Source: Social Exclusion
and Land Administration in Orissa,
1999.
Land use patterns
Land use Category
Share of Total Area (Percent)
Agricultural Land 59
Net area
sown
41
Tree
crops
6
Grazing
land 4
Cultivable
wasteland
3
Uncultivable
wasteland
3
Fallow
land
2
Reserved
forest
17
Protected
forest 10
Other (community land, village
forest) 9
Non Agricultural Land
5
Source: Directorate
of Economics & Statistics, Bhubaneshwar, 2000.